Paper and process of grooving same.



W. E. RAMAG-E & H. D. SHAW. PAPER AND PROCESS OF GROOVING SAME.

APPLICATION rum) D110. e, 1906.

958,174. Patented y 1?, 1910.

tn coon UNYElEi) S'i .fEfQ 03 F 9 WILLIAM Barman Ann HlE-NR-I n. SHAW, or ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS, AssIeivoRs TO'BERKSHIRE HILLS PAPER 00., or ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.

Application filed December 6, 1906. Serial No. 346,562.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, .VILLIAAI E. RAM- AGE and HENRY D; SHAW, citizens of the United States, residing at Adams, in the county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paper and Process of Grooving Same, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in paper and process of grooving same, and has for its object to form a'fiexible hinge portion alon one edge of the paper, so that the paper w en bound in book form will have'its greatest flexibility along the binding edge where the angle of bend is greatest.

Another object 'of the invention, is to i groove the'paper to form a flexible portion therein, and to perform this operation while the paper is being manufactured and before it has been animal sized and .calendered so that the grooved portion of the paper will not present a rough and unfinished surface and will not be liable to tearon the lines of the grooves, becansewhen the paper is finished, the grooved section therein will be just as hard, smooth, and practically as strong as the balance of the sheet.

A further object of onrinvention is to produce such a paper in a simple and in'ex' pensive manner, and to provide effective means for accomplishing the purposes set forth. H

With these and other objects in view, our invention consists essentially in the process of forming grooves or flexible portions in I the Weber sheet of paper while the same is being ade and before it has been sized and calenered so that such flexible portions will possess the same durability as the rest of the sheet, and the invention further consists in certain other novel features both in the article and the process substantially as "herein disclosed.

Figure 1, is a lan view of a sheet of paper formed with a exible portion near one edge thereof in accordance with our invention: Fig. 2, is an edge view of several of the sheets grooved in accordance with our invention with the groovestherein on a magnified scale, several of the sheets bein flexed or b'e'nt backward. Fig. 3, is an eiilarged seeshee 1 As before intimated, the grooviiig opera- Specification of Letters Patent is given a clean and smooth surface.

tionil viewof the grooved section of the 'tion'is"performedduriiig the manufacture of the paper after the same is dry and preferably in web form. In a co-pending application filed by ns of even date herewith Serial No. 346,561, we have shown the manner in which the paper is grooved, as follows: The web of paper as it nears the drier end ofthe paper-making machine commonly known as the Fourdrinier type and after it has passed-around the last drier roll, is passed over an adjustable platenover which, cutter-wheels are rotated at a high'rate of speed in a direction opposite to the travel of the web. The cutter wheels and platen are both adj ustable to cut Patented May 17,1910.

any number or depth of grooves in the paper,

' endered and finished.

In the accompanying drawings the nuineral l, designates a sheet of finished paper treated as described, and 2, the series ofparallel grooves, formed, in the paper adjacent one edge thereof. These grooves are comparatively narrow and are arranged according to the degree of flexibility desired, in series of from one to six or more grooves to the sheet. The grooves are separated by the ridges 3, and the walls of the grooves are set at an-angle'orincline a, so as not to weaken the grooved portions too much. As the paper is not sized or finished until after it has been grooved, the paper has a continuous glossed surface as indicated at 5, the grooves receiving the sizing and finishing as well as the plane surface of the paper. Before the paper reaches the last drier on the paper machine, it is grooved, and from that time on the finishing process commences, -which 'is as follows: After the groove is formed in the paper, the loose fibers. are cleaned therefrom by means 01 a burnishing brush rotating at a high rate of speed so that the surface of the groove The paper is now practically dry and in this condition it is passed through the receptacle containing the animal sizing thereby absorbing a great deal of, the sizing so that the grooves are filled with the sizing, and the paper is then slitted and cut into sheets of built for that forth,

any desired size. The paper is then removed, hung on poles and air dried in a loft purpose, the grooves having been filled with animal sizing are given a smooth and even surface with the remainder 'ofthe sheet of paper, so that'th'e strength of the ooved rtion is thus greatly 1ncreased y this fi ling of sizing, which when air dried, hardens and becomes stronger but does not interfere with the flexibility of the hinge or grooved sheet. After the paper is dried, it is run between rolls-of pressed cotton and hard steel known as calenders, which give the sheet a high, smooth finish,

such that after treatment, the grooved por- 'tion of the sheet is practically of the same thickness as 'the remainder of the sheet, yet flexible at the hinge. By' this means the paper has an unbroken finished surface, in-

cluding the grooved portion, and the paper while practically asstrong over its entire surface, is rendered more flexible along a certain portion thereof.

Having thus described and illustrated our invention, it will be apparent that we have accomplished all the objects herein set and it will be understood that the paper treated in the manner set forth possesses great durability, flexibility and strength, as it is first rendered flexible, then sized, and afterward calendered and finished.

"e claim:

1. The process of grooving paper consisting in cutting grooves in the web of the paper while on the drie'rs'of a Fourdrinier machine and before it has reached the last drier roll, cleaning the grooved portions of loose fibers, passing the then practically dry web through animal sizin removing the paper and air drying,'then )assing the" paper through calendering rol ls to give it a smooth surface.

The process of treatin paper consistng in cutting grooves in the paper while m a dry condition, cleaning the grooved portions of all fibrous material, passing the being inclined; the paper being then sized to produce a uniform surface and afterward calendered.

t. The method of making hinged ledger leaves, consisting in grinding or cutting a paper sheet to form a relatively thin hinge section, and in then sizing and calendering the sheet.

The i1erein-described method of making hinged ledger leaves, which consists in forming a paper sheet from pulp, in producing a relatively thin section therein to form the hinge, then sizing the thinned sheet, and finally calendering.

(i. The method of making hinged ledger leaves, which consists in forming a paper sheet from pulp, in grinding a section of the sheet to form a thin hinge section, then sizing the sheet. and finally calendering.

7. The method of making hinged ledger leaves. consisting in forming a paper sheet from pulp. in then grinding or cutting a section of the sheet toform ahinge portion, and finally calendering the sheet.

8. The method of making hinged ledger leaves, which consists first in' producing a pulp web, then linisl'iing the web. into sheet form, in grinding a section of the sheet to for a thinned hinge portion, in slitting or -,cutung the sheet at approximately the time of grinding. then sizing the paper, including the thinned portion formed therein, and finally calendering,

9. As a new article of manufacture. a paper sheet first ground or cut to form a relatively thin hinge section therein and afterward sized and calendered.

10. As a new article of manufacture a hinged ledger leaf of aper first ground or cut to produce a relatively thinned section therein to form the hinge and the thinned sheet being afterward sized and c'alendered.

11. As a new article of manufacture a hinge ledger leaf, the paper pulp being first round or cut while in a hardened state and efore it is sized, to form a thin hinge section therein, the thinned sheet being afterward sized and calendered.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses WILLIAM E. RAMAGE. HENRY D. SHAW.

Witnesses:

An'rnun C. WOODWARD, FRANKLIN H. B. MUNSON. 

